Use of NMR to Determine Compatable Solutes in Halophilic Bacteria Isolated from Highly Saline Areas
halophiles, compatible solutes, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), 16S RRNA gene sequence
Abstract
Ten halophilic bacteria (two Gram-negative) belonging to the Halomonadaceae and (eight Gram-positive), belonging to the Bacillaceae, were isolated fromtheRed Sea, Arabian Gulf and Dead Sea using a high salinity medium, followed by identification using 16S rRNA.Four of the isolates were designated on the basis of their tolerance to highsalinity. The isolates respectivlyexhibited 97% homology to Halomonasaquamarina, 97% homology to Sediminibacillus sp., (Red Sea), 94% homology to Halobacillus sp., (Arabian Gulf) and 98% homology to Halobacillusdabanensis(Dead Sea). 1H-NMR spectroscopy was used to determine the osmolytes accumulated by H. aquamarina, Sediminibacillus sp.,Halobacillus sp. and H. dabanensis grown in a saline nutrient medium at varying concentrations of NaCl and a range of organic sources. In the case of H. aquamarina, betaine and ectoine concentrations increased at high salinities. In contrast, betaine was found when casein and peptone were used as nutrient sources, while ectoine was produced in the presence of peptone.
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