Understanding Cosmic Temperature, Redshift, Growth Rate and Age in Stoney Scale Black Hole Cosmology
mach’s principle, stoney mass, black hole cosmology, cosmic growth index, cosmic growth rate, hubble potential, cosmic redshift, cosmic age, halting
Abstract
If it is true that galaxy constitutes so many stars, each star constitutes so many hydrogen atoms and light is coming from the excited electron of hydrogen atom, then considering redshift as an index of 'whole galaxy' receding may not be reasonable. Clearly speaking, the observed cosmic redshift can be reinterpreted as an index of 'cosmological' thermodynamic light emission mechanism. During cosmic evolution, at any time in the past, in hydrogen atom-emitted photon energy was always inversely proportional to the CMBR temperature. Thus past light emitted from older galaxy's excited hydrogen atom will show redshift with reference to the current laboratory data. Note that there will be no change in the energy of the emitted photon during its journey from the distant galaxy to the observer. As there is no observational or experimental evidence to Friedmann's second assumption and as 'critical density' itself represents the density of 'growing and light speed rotating black hole', the density classification scheme of Friedmann cosmology must be reviewed at fundamental level and possibly can be relinquished.
Downloads
How to Cite
References
Scott Funkhouser (2006) The large number coincidence, the cosmic coincidence and the critical acceleration. 462(2076), 3657-3661.
Pieter Van Dokkum, Charlie Conroy (2010) A substantial population of low-mass stars in luminous elliptical galaxies. 468(7326), 940-942.
E Michael, Mcculloch (2014) A Toy Cosmology Using a Hubble-Scale Casimir Effect. 2, 81-88.
U Seshavatharam, S Lakshminarayana (2014) Basics of black hole cosmology -first critical scientific review. 4(6), 842-879.
U Seshavatharam, S Lakshminarayana (2014) Basics of the decelerating black hole universe. 2(1), 8-22.
U Seshavatharam, S Lakshminarayana, B Sai (2013) Unified Concepts in Cosmic, Atomic and Nuclear Physics. XIII(1), 57-65.
S Seshavatharam, Lakshminarayana (2012) Hubble Volume and the Fundamental Interactions. 1(5), 87-100.
U Seshavatharam, S Lakshminarayana (2014) Implications and Applications of Fermi Scale Quantum Gravity.
B Sai (2013) Is red shift an index of galactic'atomic light emission' mechanism?. 1(3), 49-64.
U Seshavatharam, S Lakshminarayana (2014) Friedman Cosmology: Reconsideration and New Results. 1(2), 16-26.
U V. S. Seshavatharam, S Lakshminarayana (2014) Light speed expanding reversed black hole quantum cosmology. 6(1), 17-18.
U Seshavatharam (2012) The Primordial Cosmic Black Hole and the Cosmic Axis of Evil. 1(2), 20-37.
Uvs Seshavatharam, S Lakshminarayana (2014) Black Hole Cosmology: A Biological Boom. 02(01).
U Seshavatharam, S Lakshminarayana (2013) Applications of Hubble Volume in Atomic Physics, Nuclear Physics, Particle Physics, Quantum Physics and Cosmic Physics. 1(1), 45-60.
J Frieman (2008) Dark energy and the accelerating universe. 46, 385.
R Pathria (1972) The Universe as a Black Hole. 240(5379), 298-299.
I Good (1972) Chinese universes. 25(7), 15.
Joel Smoller, Blake Temple (2003) Shock-wave cosmology inside a black hole. 100(20), 11216-11218.
Chul-Moon Yoo (2013) Black Hole Universe. Time evolution. 111, 161102.
T Zhang, C Frederic (2013) Acceleration of black hole universe. 349(1), 567-573.
Tianxi Zhang (2010) Cosmic microwave background radiation of black hole universe. 330(1), 157-165.
Tianxi Zhang (2012) Unknown Title. 3, 48-53.
N Poplawski (2010) Radial motion into an Einstein-Rosen bridge. 687(2-3), 110-113.
N Poplawski (2012) Big bounce from spin and torsion. 44(4), 1007-1014.
N Poplawski (2014) Energy and momentum of the Universe. 31, 65005.
R Pourhasan, N Afshordi, R Mann (2013) Did a hyper black hole spawn the universe?.
Andy Gardner, Joseph Conlon (2013) Cosmological natural selection and the purpose of the universe. 18(5), 48-56.
Lee Smolin (2004) Cosmological natural selection as the explanation for the complexity of the universe. 340(4), 705-713.
Edwin Hubble (1929) A relation between distance and radial velocity among extra-galactic nebulae. 15(3), 168-173.
Edwin Hubble (1947) The 200-Inch Telescope and Some Problems It May Solve. 59, 153.
S Hawking (1988) A Brief History of Time.
A Friedmann (1999) On the Curvature of Space. 31(12), 1991-2000.
(2011) The Accelerating Universe.
S Hawking, G Ellis (1973) The Large Scale Structure of Space-Time.
G Stoney (1881) On the Physical Units of Nature. 11, 381-391.
J Michael, Longo Detection of a Dipole in the Handedness of Spiral Galaxies with Redshifts z 0.04. 699, 224-229.
S-C Su, M-C Chu (2009) IS THE UNIVERSE ROTATING?. 703(1), 354-361.
J Mcewen, T Josset, S Feeney, H Peiris, A Lasenby (2013) Bayesian analysis of anisotropic cosmologies: Bianchi VIIh and WMAP. 436(4), 3680-3694.
L Chechin (2013) On the Modern Status of the Universe Rotation Problem. 4, 126-132.
C Sivaram, Kenath Arun (2012) Primordial Rotation of the Universe, Hydrodynamics, Vortices and Angular Momenta of Celestial Objects. 5(1), 7-11.
B Sidharth (2010) Is the Universe Rotating? Prespacetime Journal. 1, 1168-1173.
Marcelo Samuel Berman, Fernando De Mello Gomide (2013) Local and Global Stability of the Universe. (4), 7-9.
V Robert, Gentry (2003) New Cosmic Center Universe Model Matches Eight of Big Bang's Major Predictions Without The F-L Paradigm.
G Chapline (2006) Gold Revisited: Why Does Not The Universe Rotate?. 822, 160-165.
Dmitri Rabounski (2009) On the Speed of Rotation of Isotropic Space: Insight into the Redshift Problem. 2, 208-223.
Kurt Godel (1950) Rotating Universes in General Relativity Theory. 32(7), 1419-1427.
M Novello, M Reboucas (1979) Rotating universe with successive causal and noncausal regions. 19(10), 2850-2852.
J D Barrow, R Juszkiewicz, D Sonoda (1985) Universal rotation: how large can it be?. 213(4), 917-943.
Christopher Reynolds (2013) Astrophysics: Black holes in a spin. 494, 432-433.
U Seshavatharam (2013) Light speed rotating black holes: The special holes. 1(1), 13-20.
Louis Marmet On the Interpretation of Red-Shifts: A Quantitative Comparison of Red-Shift Mechanisms.
J Beringer (2012) Review of Beringer et al.. 86, 10001.
C Bennett, D Larson, J Weiland, N Jarosik, G Hinshaw, N Odegard, K Smith, R Hill, B Gold, M Halpern, E Komatsu, M Nolta, L Page, D Spergel, E Wollack, J Dunkley, A Kogut, M Limon, S Meyer, G Tucker, E Wright (2013) NINE-YEAR WILKINSON MICROWAVE ANISOTROPY PROBE ( WMAP ) OBSERVATIONS: FINAL MAPS AND RESULTS. 208(2), 20.
David Spergel Planck Data Reconsidered.
Wendy Freedman, Barry Madore, Brad Gibson, Laura Ferrarese, Daniel Kelson, Shoko Sakai, Jeremy Mould, Robert Kennicutt, Jr., Holland Ford, John Graham, John Huchra, Shaun Hughes, Garth Illingworth, Lucas Macri, Peter Stetson (2001) Final Results from theHubble Space TelescopeKey Project to Measure the Hubble Constant. 553(1), 47-72.
P Mohr, B Taylor, D Newell Unknown Title.
N Bohr (1913) On the Constitution of Atoms and Molecules. 26, 1.
Abdus Salam (1981) Einstein's Last Dream: The Space -Time Unification of Fundamental Forces. 12(2), 36.
David Gross (2005) Einstein and the Search for Unification. 89, 1-13.
Jayant Narlikar, T Padmanabhan (2002) Introduction. 1-8.
Lianxi Ma (2009) Lake et al. v. Hope (Two Cases). Sept. 7, 1914. [82 S. E. 738.]. 20(9), 700.
S Hawking (1975) Particle creation by black holes. 43, 199-220.
Gaurab Ganguly, Avijit Sen, Manas Mukherjee, Ankan Paul (2014) SeD radical as a probe for the measurement of the time variation of the fine-structure constanthttp://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">αand proton-to-electron mass ratiohttp://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">μ. 90(1).
J Webb, J King, M Murphy, V Flambaum, R Carswell, M Bainbridge (2011) Indications of a Spatial Variation of the Fine Structure Constant. 107(19).
R Srianand (2004) Time Variation of the Fine Structure Constant. 116, 25-28.
P Dirac (1937) The cosmological constants. 139, 323.
P Dirac (1938) A new basis for cosmology. 165, 199.
Brandon Carter (2011) Large number coincidences and the anthropic principle in cosmology. 43(11), 3225-3233.
Ross Mcpherson (2008) The Numbers Universe: An Outline of the Dirac/Eddington Numbers as Scaling Factors for Fractal, Black Hole Universes. 5(18), 81-94.
Scott Funkhouser (2008) A new large-number coincidence and a scaling law for the cosmological constant. 8, 20931345-20931353.
J Barrow (2002) The Constants of Nature From Alpha to Omega-The Numbers that Encode the Deepest Secrets of the Universe.
G Gamov (1968) NUMEROLOGY OF THE CONSTANTS OF NATURE. 59(2), 313-318.
Saibal Ray, Utpal Mukhopadhyay, Partha Pratim, Ghosh Large Number Hypothesis : A Review.
O Michael, Distler (2011) The RMS Charge Radius of the Proton and Zemach Moments. 696, 343-347.
H Geiger, E Marsden (1909) On a diffuse reaction of the particles. 82, 495-500.
Hideki Yukawa (1955) On the Interaction of Elementary Particles. I*. 1(48), 1-10.
E Recami (1958) Chapter 7. Theoretical Models for Strong Interactions. 77-88.
Abdus Salam, C Sivaram (1993) STRONG GRAVITY APPROACH TO QCD AND CONFINEMENT. 08(04), 321-326.
Abdus Salam (1972) Strong Interactions, Gravitation and Cosmology. 441-452.
U Seshavatharam, S Lakshminarayana (2010) Strong nuclear gravitational constant and the origin. 3, 31-38.
U Seshavatharam, S Lakshminarayana (2010) Role of Avogadro number in grand unification. 33(5), 513.
U Seshavatharam, S Lakshminarayana (2012) A Rotating Model of a Light Speed Expanding Hubble-Hawking Universe. 35, 43.
U Seshavatharam, S Lakshminarayana (2011) Nucleus in Strong nuclear gravity. 56, 302.
Terry Quinn, Harold Parks, Clive Speake, Richard Davis (2013) Improved Determination ofhttp://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline">GUsing Two Methods. 111(10), 68103.
J Fixler, G Foster, J Mcguirk, M Kasevich (2007) Atom Interferometer Measurement of the Newtonian Constant of Gravity. 315(5808), 74-77.
Published
2014-08-22
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2014 Authors and Global Journals Private Limited
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.