AM Fungal Proteinas Contribution in Heaving Soil Physique under Salt Stress
am fungi, glomalin, micronutrient, aggregate stability, porosity
Abstract
The present study was designed to test the effect of AM fungi in aggregating the soil particles against their dispersion at various levels of salt stress (L1 -1.5dSm-1; L2 -3.0dSm-1; L3 -4.5dSm-1) in the rhizosphere of onion. Soil quality parameters such as organic carbon content (0.61 per cent), microbial biomass carbon (327.0 mg kg -1), glomalin 119.33 (μg/ g of soil) and aggregate stability (53 per cent) were highly influenced by AM fungal inoculations. The soil bulk density and particle density were slightly brought down (1.34 and 2.52 per cent respectively) with increase in the water holding capacity and porosity (78.94 and 51.83 per cent respectively) even at third level of salt stress. In most of the cases the sodic soil isolates performed on par with the standard isolates which proved the efficacy of the isolates to compete with the standard cultures in bringing up the soil health.
Downloads
How to Cite
References
S Aggelides, P Londra (2000) Effects of compost produced from town wastes and sewage sludge on the physical properties of a loamy and a clay soil. 71(3), 253-259.
N Aliasgharzadeh, N Rastin, H Towfighi, A Alizadeh (2001) Occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in saline soils of the Tabriz plain of Iran in relation to some physical and chemical properties of soil. 11, 119-122.
G Bethlenfalvay, I Cantrell, K Mihara, R Schreiner (1999) Relationships between soil aggregation and mycorrhizae as influenced by soil biota and nitrogen nutrition. 28(4), 356-363.
V Boby, D Bagyaraj (2003) Biological control of root rot of Coleus forskohlii Briq. using microbial inoculants. 19, 175-180.
C Bronick, R Lal (2005) Soil structure and management: a review. 124, 3-22.
C Cantrell, R Lindermann (2001) Preinoculation of lettuce and onion with VA mycorrhizal fungi reduces deleterious effects of soil salinity. 233, 269-281.
F Caravaca, M Alguacil, P Torres, A Roldán (2005) Plant type mediates rhizospheric microbial activities and soil aggregation in a semiarid Mediterranean salt marsh. 124, 375-382.
I Celik, I Ortas, S Kilic (2004) Effects of compost, mycorrhiza, manure and fertilizer on some physical properties of a Chromoxerert soil. 78(1), 59-67.
T Rupesh, D Biswas, B Basak, R Bhattacharyya, S Das, T Das, R Singh, P Kumar B, J Roy (1982) Assessment of rock phosphate enriched compost on phosphorus adsorption-desorption patterns under maize-wheat cropping system in Typic Haplustept. 46(2), 272-281.
J Gerdemann, P Nicolson (1963) Spores of Mycorrhizal Endogone species extracted from soil by wet sieving and decanting. 46, 235-244.
C González-Chávez, R Carrillo-González, S Wright, K Nichols (2004) The role of glomalin, a protein produced by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in sequestering potentially toxic elements. 130, 317-323.
C Hamel, Y Dalpe, V Furlan, S Parent (1997) Indigenous populations of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and soil aggregate stability are major determinants of leek (Allium porrum L) response to inoculation with Glomus intraradices (Schenck and Smith) or Glomus versiforme (Karsten) Berch. 7(4), 187-196.
K Hartge, B Stewart (1995) Soil Structure: its development and function.
M Jackson (1973) Soil Chemical Analysis. 56-70.
D Jenkinson, D Powlson (1976) The effects of biocidal treatments on metabolism in soil-V. 8(3), 209-213.
W Kemper, E Koch (1966) Aggregate stability of soils from western United States and Canada. 1355.
J Kohler, F Caravaca, A Roldán (2010) An AM fungus and a PGPR intensify the adverse effects of salinity on the stability of rhizosphere soil aggregates of Lactuca sativa. 42(3), 429-434.
J Kohler, J Hernández, F Caravaca, A Roldán (2009) Induction of antioxidant enzymes is involved in the greater effectiveness of a PGPR versus AM fungi with respect to increasing the tolerance of lettuce to severe salt stress. 65, 245-252.
Josef Kohler, José Hernández, Fuensanta Caravaca, Antonio Roldán (2009) Induction of antioxidant enzymes is involved in the greater effectiveness of a PGPR versus AM fungi with respect to increasing the tolerance of lettuce to severe salt stress. 65(2-3), 245-252.
A Lax, E Diaz, V Castillo, J Albaladejo (1994) Reclamation of physical and chemical properties of a salinized soil by organic amendment. 8(1), 9-17.
X-L Li, P Christie (2001) Changes in soil solution Zn and pH and uptake of Zn by arbuscular mycorrhizal red clover in Zncontaminated soil. 42, 201-207.
S Marinari, G Masciandaro, B Ceccanti, S Grego (2000) Influence of organic and mineral fertilisers on soil biological and physical properties. 72(1), 9-17.
R Miller, J Jastrow (2000) Mycorrhizal fungi influence soil structure. 3-18.
M Miransari, H Bahrami, F Rejali, M Malakouti (2008) Using arbuscular mycorrhiza to alleviate the stress of soil compaction on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growth. 40, 1197-1206.
S Olsen, F Watanabe, C Cole (1954) EFFECT OF SODIUM BICARBONATE ON THE SOLUBILITY OF PHOSPHORUS IN CALCAREOUS SOILS. 89(5), 288-291.
Ibrahim Ortas (2002) Degradation. 264-267.
V Panse, P Shukatme (1978) Statistical methods for Agricultural workers. 327.
E Paul, F Clark (1989) Soil biology and biochemistry.
C Piper (1966) Soil and plant analysis.
J Poss, E Pond, J Menge, W Jarrell (1985) Effect of salinity on mycorrhizal onion and tomato in soil with and without additional phosphate. 88, 307-319.
L Priya, K Kumutha (2009) Microbial studies in the rhizosphere of Coleus forskohlii. 29(1 & 2), 60-66.
Sajjad Rao, Thomas Mcneilly (1999) Genetic basis of variation for salt tolerance in maize ( Zea mays L).. 108(3), 145-150.
C Rosendahl, S Rosendahl (1991) Influence of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus SPP.) on the response of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) to salt stress. 31(3), 313-318.
J Ruiz-Lozano, R Azcon, M Gomez (1996) Alleviation of salt stress by arbuscular mycorrhizal Glomus species in Lactuca sativa plants. 98, 767-772.
K Saxena, S Makhijani, S Ramakrishnan (1978) Settling studies on pulp and paper mill wastewater. 20, 273-283.
G Sparling (1992) Ratio of microbial biomass carbon to soil organic carbon as a sensitive indicator of changes in soil organic matter. 30(2), 195-207.
S Stanford, L English (1949) Use of flame photometer in rapid soil tests of K. Can. 41, 446-447.
Stanley Waring (1956) A rapid procedure for the estimation of nitrogen availability in soils. 25, 259-260.
J Sutton, B Sheppard (1976) Aggregation of sand-dune soil by endomycorrhizal fungi. 54(3-4), 326-333.
Kathleen Treseder, Katie Turner (2007) Glomalin in Ecosystems. 71(4), 1257-1266.
W Wang, B Vinocur, A Altman (2003) Plant responses to drought, salinity and extreme temperatures: toward genetic engineering for stress tolerance. 218, 1-14.
V Wong, R Greene, R Dalal, B Murphy (2010) Soil carbon dynamics in saline and sodic soils: a review. 26, 2-11.
S Wright, A Upadhyaya (1998) A survey of soils for aggregate stability and glomalin, a glycoproteins produced by hyphae of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. 198, 97-107.
S Wright, A Upadhyaya (1996) Extraction of an abundant and unusual protein from soil and comparison with hyphal protein of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. 161, 575-585.
Y Zhu, R Miller (2003) Carbon cycling by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in soil plant systems. 8, 407-409.
Published
2014-09-03
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2014 Authors and Global Journals Private Limited
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.