Global Journal of Science Frontier Research
Features of the Homogeneous Plasmonic Structures on Porous Silicon Formation
In this work we demonstrate the feasibility of fabricating uniform periodic plasmonic structure of Ni-PNP por-Si by masking the wafer surface using optical lithography followed by pore formation and deposition of plasmonic Ni-nanoparticles Ni-PNP in a single-step metalassisted electrochemical etching process It is shown that the high energetics of nc-PS and of the nc-PS c-Si interface facilitates the formation of uniform plasmonic Ni-PNP PS structures using a single-step pore etching and deposition of plasmonic nanoparticles
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Matter keeps its internal potential-energy Ep and sharing-energy Es as a part of a unity until being forced out of the unity by external excess-energy Ee Es as a free particle Matter shows its sharing-energy Es as gravity F or weight W or inertia-at-rest to its unity centre Es F W Unity force or inertia Fu Es Ee is matter s tendency to be unity expressed as attracting while energy sharing in a unity Ee 0 as gravity or weight or inertia-atrest to its unity centre or repelling while excess-energy transferring out of the unity Ee 0 as inertia-in-motion or heat That is gravity is redefined as matter s attraction to its unity centre caused by its sharing-energy Inertia is redefined and generalised to matter s unity force caused by its sharing-energy as inertia-at-rest or gravity and its excess-energy as inertia-in-motion or heat The Big Bang created four kinds of base particles proton p electron e neutrino and photon The photon tends to be in an electron unity e oscillating around its electron the unity centre attracting while energy sharing When getting external excess-energy Ee Es the photon oscillates out of the unity as a free photon with wave-particle duality leaving the external energy at the speed of light as a gamma ray X-ray or light particle repelling while excess-energy transferring
Quantum Superposition and the Emergence of Negative Energy in Gravitational Fields
In this paper we calculated the quantum superposition between states of the gravitational fields by Feynman path integration and concluded that in general the quantum effects can be interpreted as the negative energy in gravitational field it will lead to gravitational mass defect Negative energy is related to Einstein s cosmological constant and therefore also to dark energy
Production and Decay of Higgs Boson, From God Particle H to Heaven Particle
This paper suggests an interesting idea Based on quark genera t b c s u d harmony flavor symmetry and Mass Principle Q2 2 Q2 Heaven particle with M 692 Gev should instead of God particle H with M H 125 Gev M as four times as heavy as ground state Q2 t of t top quark
Arithmetic subgroups are an important source of discrete groups acting freely on manifolds We need to know that there exist many torsion-free is an arithmetic subgroup of The other arithmetic subgroups are not as obvious but they can be constructed by using quaternion algebras Replacing the quaternion algebras with larger division algebras yields many arithmetic subgroups of with 2 In fact a calculation of group cohomology shows that the only other way to construct arithmetic subgroups of is by using arithmetic groups In this paper justifies Commensurable groups and some definitions and examples -forms of classical simple groups over calculating the complexification of each classical group Applications to manifolds Let us start with This is already a complex Lie group but we can think of it as a real Lie group of twice the dimension As such it has a complexification
Copyright (c) 2020 Authors and Global Journals Private Limited http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
A Topological Reassessment of Differential and Integral Calculus beyond Newtonian Frame Works
The conventional subject of Newtonian calculus is purely mathematical and the concepts approximations and theorems employed within it have rarely been connected or correlated with the principles of physics and topology In this research article the entire domain of calculus has been revisited through a tripartite lens encompassing mathematics physics and topology This research article is based on the following 1 Topological interpretatio n of Calculus 2 Dimensional perspective of differential calculus how the variable changes for a mathematical function like xn when the value of n changes from 1 to 2 to 3 to 4 like this The variable does not remain to be x only 3 The physical significance of the differential co-efficient DC of a function which substantiates that the mathematical expression of DC should not retain the function itself since it is co-efficient 4 The dimensional invalidity of the tr igonometric theories at zeroor 90-degree values of angle of a right angled triangle 5 Differential co-efficient of trigonometric functions derived based on a novel concept of expansio n -contraction of a cuboid being composed of perpendicular base and hypotenuse of a right-angled triangle through very simple algebraical steps and without using limit theorem chain rule or quotient rule of the Newtonian Calculus 6 The problem of circularity of definition of the higher order differential co-efficient of the mathematical functions of Newtonian Calculus and offering a new mathematical expression of higher order differential co-efficient 7 The concept of integration has been established as a process of hybridizatio n of a mathematical variable in space through rotations or translations A genuine attempt has been made to unify these perspectives into a singular framework resulting in the development of a new field the reassessed topological version of calculus which is now presented to the global scientific community The limitations and flaws inherent in Newtonian calculus have been critically examined logically addressed and redefined within the broader scope of this newly proposed topological version of calculus
Smart EOQ Models: Incorporating AI and Machine Learning for Inventory Optimization
Traditional Economic Order Quantity EOQ models rely on static assumptions e g constant demand fixed holding cost failing in volatile environments This research advances dynamic inventory control through an AI-driven framework where 1 Demand Forecasting Machine learning LSTM GBRT estimates time-varying demand covariates like promotions seasonality residuals 2 Adaptive EOQ Optimization Reinforcement Learning RL dynamically solves the following optimization problem Subject to Where Order quantity at time Reorder point at time Holding cost per unit Backorder shortage cost per unit Fixed ordering cost Indicator function 1 if else 0 Inventory on hand positive part of Backordered inventory negative part of Demand at time Validation was performed using sector-specific case studies Pharma Perishability constraint shelf-life reduced waste by 27 3 Retail Promotion-driven demand volatility 58 mitigated cutting stockouts by 34 8 Automotive RL optimized multi-echelo n coordination reducing shortage costs by 31 5 The framework reduced total costs by 24 9 versus stochastic EOQ benchmarks Key innovation closed-loop control where RL adapts to real-time supply-chain states
reinforcement learning; stochastic inventory control
The Iterative Technique for a Fourth-Order Three-Point Nonlinear BVP with Changing Sign Green’s Function
In this paper we discuss the existence of a monotonic positive solution for the following fourth-order three points Non-linear BVP which has the sign - changing Green s function where and The point is that although the corresponding Green is changing the sign by applying iterative methods We can still obtain the existence of a monotonic positive solution under certain suitable conditions of f
Production of Meaning in Practices Involving Three-Dimensional Figurate Numbers
This study is part of a qualitative research project aimed at analyzing the production of arithmetic geometric and algebraic meanings through Investigative Educational Practices based on sequences of figurate numbers within a teacher education process involving preservice mathematics teachers The research is epistemologically grounded in the Semantic Fields Model SFM and the principles of Investigative Educational Practices IEP which emphasize collaborative work Based on this foundation particularly on enunciation residues the meanings generated by participants are analyzed using the plausible reading method which considers both local and global interpretations Centered on the theme of three-dimensional figurate numbers the study explores relationships involving generalizations and recursion fostering integration among Arithmetic Algebra and Geometry especially in learning environments that value investigation and collaboration
Symbolic Collapse Intractability Hypothesis: P ≠ NP
The following proof focuses on the Symbolic Collapse Intractability Hypothesis and leverages symbolic entropy recursive tractability and structural complexity to argue that NPcomplete problems with high entropy are intractable in polynomial time implying P NP
Symbolic Collapse Intractability Hypothesis and leverages symbolic entropy
Appraisal of Covid-19 on Forest Resources and Extension Approaches Towards Sustainable Rural Livelihood
The people slivelihood is largely dependent upon forests and related resources which comprises the tangible and intangible ones Tangible resourcesare in the form of Timber Non-Timber Forest Products NTFPs such as mushroom fruits etc while intangible services include a wide range of vital environmental services by the floras and faunas which includes erosion control carbon sequestration among others Assessing these tangible resources was always through active physical involvements by the actors in the management of the forests Unexpectedly the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic which was earlier endemic to China have created a barrier to man in the management and utilization of these forest resources Imposed lockdowns curfews social distances meant less team work access and utilization of forest resources globally The unavoidable reliance on forest resources especially by rural dwellers in developing nations like Nigeria was observed to spike up Thus further depleting the encroached forest resources while in the west forest restorations were reported Comparative results revealed issues of poverty food insecurity and lack of information as the factors in Nigeria Extension models for sustainability of forest resources was advanced
General Theory of Black Holes (Preliminary Draft)
We discuss corrections to the mainstream theory of black holes and stars
Monologue of Discernment About Dark Matter
The aim of this work on DM is to confine it whether it belongs to the dark periodic table or is part of a single very small dark element as mentioned in 10 making it possible to improve the works presented by the undersigned in the bibliography for example teleportation 7 could be improved with elements inserted in a certain way from the dark periodic table in the W spiral of the classical periodic table or in the antigravity Poynting vector in fig 3 5
artificial intelligence vs multiple sclerosis
Vysikaylo’s Laser for De Broglie Waves of Electrons to Protect the Earth from Asteroids: Interdisciplinary Research of Incongruent Electric Field Shock Waves
We have proposed a mechanism that explains all phenomena observed in nature during lightning propagation and all phenomena during the fall of the Chelyabinsk meteorite in the Russian Federation These positively charged cumulative-dissipative plasma systems CDS as we have established are surrounded by incongruent shock waves of the Vysikaylo electric field VSW We demonstrate that de Broglie waves of free electrons arising in the plasma tail behind the meteoroid behave similarly to electromagnetic waves in a laser There a cumulative jet of high-energy electrons CJ is formed which breaks into the meteoroid causing it to collapse according to the Coulomb mechanism The formation of VSW in the atmosphere is due to the peculiarities of the chemical kinetics of negative ions at the boundary of the plasma tail The time of Vysikaylo-Poisson s structural turbulence providing the formation of CJ in the plasma tail was 1 5 s
Asynchronous Electric Drive With Reactive Power Control
A method of controlling an asynchronous electric drive based on measuring and regulating the reactive power of an induction motor is proposed The independence of the rotor flux and the electro mechanical moment from the change in the parameters of the induction motor is ensured a continuous range of speed regulation including zero and fast-acting regulation is ensured
changing the parameters of an induction motor
Towards a New Quantum Model of Mass Evolution through Symmetry Breaking
The phenomenon of symmetry breaking has remained a significant and widely discussed topic in physics over the past few decades It has been postulated that the mass of the universe evolved from the spontaneous breaking of symmetry in the atoms or molecules of baryonic matter However no concrete theory or model currently exists in the literature that can explain the mechanism of symmetry breaking in a tripartite manner that is in regard to physics mathematics and topology despite substantial research efforts A major problem in physics arises from the inconsistency t hat while the volume or size of atoms and molecules is approximated as three-dimensional spheres the dimension of mass remains non-deterministic In this research article a topological quantum model logically grounded in the philosophies of both mathematics and physics is presented to reveal the mechanism of the evolution of mass from spherically symmetrical atoms and molecules The dimensional form of mass in relation to the fundamental dimension of length L in physics is evaluated here Furthermore the classical principle of conservation of momentum is reinterpreted in terms of mass and volume and a mathematical relationship between these two variables is established through the universal parameter
and topology—despite substantial research efforts
Dressing the Shadow for the First Time: A Scientific and Cultural Celebration of the Winter Solstice in Lavras, Brazil
This short communication presents an original educational and cultural initiative organized in Lavras Brazil to celebrate the winter solstice through science art and local traditions Inspired by astronomical knowledge and the rich context of Festa Junina the event invites people to dress their shadow at true solar noon the moment when the Sun reaches its highest point in the sky and casts the shortest shadow In Lavras during the solstice the Sun reaches an altitude of about 45 above the horizon causing a person s shadow to match their height Participants place a change of clothes or traditional attire over their shadow and photograph the scene posting it with the hash tag solsticiolavras This initiative creatively connects everyday experience with astronomical concepts and pays homage to ancestral understandings of the cosmos
Toward a Unitive Narrative and Worldview: an Integrative Response to the Global Metacrisis
This paper presents a reflective condensation of the 2025 White Paper commissionedfor the three year Galileo Commission Worldviews Study This explored the emergence of a Unitive Worldview and Narrative as an integrative response to the metacrisis a convergence of ecological social epistemic and existential breakdowns facing humanity Building on the legacy of the Integrative Worldview suggestion that was explored in Year One the paper sought to advance the discussion by weaving together insights from developmental psychology systems thinking Indigenous cosmologies spiritual philosophy quantum science and regenerative design It proposed that the Unitive Worldview represents an evolutionary synthesis one that transcends fragmentation and dualism by recognizing the relational participatory and co-creative nature of reality Within this frame flourishing is not merely an individual or material pursuit but a systemic condition rooted in coherence between self and other society and ecology inner life and outer systems
On the Origin of Cockroaches in the Maltese Islands
The Maltese Islands located in the central Mediterranean have a rich biodiversity influenced by their strategic position as a crossroads between Europe North Africa and the Middle East Among the many species that have adapted to the island environment cockroaches Order Blattodea hold a unique position Their presence reflects both natural dispersal and human activities over millennia This essay explores the origins distribution and documented records of cockroach species in Malta shedding light on their historical and ecological significance This work also includes two new species for the islands
Navigating Water Scarcity and Ecological Change: A Synthesis of Modern Hydrologic and Rangeland Management in the American Southwest
The arid and semi-arid rangelands of the American Southwest are defined by inherent water scarcity characterized by irregular rainfall patterns and the intermittent presence of water This makes water a critical limiting resource for all biological activity within these ecosystems The unique hydrological regime profoundly influences the structure and function of these environments impacting everything from the distribution and composition of vegetation to wildlife habitat and overall ecosystem health
Longitudinal and Transverse Dispersion - Diffusion in Streams: Its Effects in “Complete Mixing” Condition, and the Role a New State Function
In environmental impact studies on natural flows the concept of complete mixing linked to the flow s assimilation capacity is usually presented in terms of transverse diffusion alone ignoring the fact that it is a joint mechanism with longitudinal dispersion This article presents a new approach in which a state function comprehensively describes how the two mechanisms act in unison facilitating the interpretation and calculation of the mixing length The developed equations are applied to the study of three different channels obtaining satisfactory results converging with those calculated from Elder s transverse diffusion coefficient
Indicators of Stroke Prediction Among Cardiac Patients
Stroke is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among patients with cardiovascular conditions This study aims to identify and evaluate clinical biochemical and imaging indicators that predict stroke risk in cardiac patients We conducted a retrospective cohort study involving 200 patients diagnosed with various cardiovascular diseases from 2020 to 2022 at a tertiary care hospital Data collected included clinical characteristics biochemical markers and imaging results Statistical analyses were performed to assess the association of these indicators with stroke incidence The findings revealed a significant association between atrial fibrillation AF heart failure and coronary artery disease CAD with increased stroke risk as well as hypertension and dyslipidemia
Advances in Acid and Post-Graphitization Treatments for Mesophase Pitch-Based Carbon Fibers: A Review
The complete process of preparing pitch-based carbon fibres from mesophase pitch has been extensively studied by numerous researchers This process mainly includes mesophase pitch preparation melt spinning stabilization pre-oxidation carbonisation and graphitisation While each stage has been comprehensively and deeply investigated the treatment methods and operations that determine the effectiveness of these steps have not yet received adequate attention or analysis This paper introduces the acid treatment process between mesophase pitch preparation and melt spinning as well as the post-treatment procedures following the production of graphitized fibres aiming to provide technical guidance for researchers in related fields
Walking on a Knifes Edge to Reconcile Energy and Amp Environment
Whenever the odds seem stacked against human aspirations - when economic growth looks set to remain feeble as far as the eye can see when too many countries seem destined to grow old before they become rich when climate change seems to have crossed the tipping point-it is worth remembering the distinctive virtue of our species Predictions of global doom have proliferated throughout history Yet the sky hasn t fallen for one reason human ingenuity
Ideology of development of the material basis of civilization in the format of creative development of the subsoil in the 21st century
The fundamental place in the development of civilization is occupied by the production of goods from minerals in the bowels of the Earth and it is growing faster than the number of people These two factors despite the lack of alternatives in their essence create problems due to the negative impact on natural systems that must be eliminated Firstly the resources in the continental crust can be exhausted within 50-200 years Secondly natural ecosystems are degrading and are irreversibly destroyed The good intentions of society are fulfilled by destroying the natural balance and worsening the comfortable conditions of equilibrium created by nature both in the used subsoil massif itself and in the surrounding near-ore space and on the surface
creative development of mineral resources
Broiler Farming Risk Assessment: Market Risk Premium Measures and Marketing Strategies
The broiler farming business faces challenges due to many reasons such as technical innovation finance uncertain parameters and dynamic marketing complex Broiler farms at Sultanate of Oman has been performing with challenge and many constrains including poor farming practices climate stress and variability feed grain price increase The risk assessment of broiler business indicated high impact of products unit cost of productions market dynamic risk and financial sustainability Market competition and cheap frozen chicken products imported from outside significantly affect the local broiler market risk and uncertainty and marketing strategies The study applied stochastic budget Monte Carlo Simulation approach to calculate market risk primum and reform market strategies and align them with acceptable risk tolerance comfort level of the stakeholders perceptions Three production levels products mix models were tested under two different scenarios to measure market risk and market strategies The study performed stochastic efficiency with respect to a function SERF to calculate certain equivalent CE figure to rank alternative market s scenarios under uncertain situations The overall results showed that unit cost followed by broiler market risk and sale revenue volatilities are highly affecting profit in integrated complex system
stochastic efficient risk function (SERF)
Matter shows its energy E as potential energy Ep sharing energy Es and kinetic excess energy Ee E Ep Es Ee Matter or a system shows its excess energy Ee 0 as a free particle after releasing or transferring the excess energy Ee 0 it keeps the remaining energy - its energy limit Ep Es - as a part of a unity Matter or a system shows its sharing energy Es as weight to its unity centre Wu which can be standardized as mass m or Mu Es Wu Mu Unity force Fu Es Ee is matter s tendency to be unity expressed as repelling while excess-energy releasing Ee 0 out of a unity or attracting while energy sharing Ee 0 in a unity The Big Bang created four kinds of base particles proton p electron e neutrino v and photon The neutrino is an energy-sharing agent and tends to be in a proton unity pv where the proton is the unity centre Absent from nuclear fusion a hydrogen nucleus has only one proton unity pv In a nuclear fusion centre the base unities pv and e are so dense and hot that their sharing energy is raised so high from their potential energy Ep Es they become energy sharing nuclear fusing
A New Framework for Understanding the Universe: Correcting the Flaws of Classical Assumptions
This paper presents an incontrovertible fact-based framework that fundamentally challenges the age-old assumptions of classical mechanics particularly the notions of absolute time and space We demonstrate with mathematical rigor and empirical clarity that these assumptions do not hold when subjected to rigorous analysis of real-world phenomena especially under extreme conditions Our new model of space time and motion provides a correct reliable and comprehensive understanding of the universe - one that aligns seamlessly with the most accurate observations and leaves no room for doubt Through this work we reshape our understanding of the cosmos and offer humanity an unshakable foundation for future advancements in science
rigorous analysis of real-world phenomena
Cosmology da The Dead Universe Theory ( DUT ): The Dead Universe Theory (DUT) and the Asymmetric Thermodynamic Retraction of the Cosmos
A visible cosmos is no larger than a grain of sand suspended within a decaying gravitational shell Nested black holes containing entire cosmic structures These are not metaphors but the physical implications of the Dead Universe Theory DUT a novel cosmological model proposing that our observable universe is a localized energetic anomaly formed not from a hot singularity but from the internal collapse of a far older colder and darker superstructure the Dead Universe In this framework what we perceive as the universe is embedded within a structural black hole composed of exotic second-layer dark matter a gravitational topology unlike anything described by classical cosmology Unlike the Schwarzschild-type singular ities predicted by general relativity these structural black holes do not form from stellar collapse but from the internal thermodynamic decomposition of an ancestral cosmos trillions of times larger than our own The DUT proposes that the observable universe is not expanding but retracting dissolving asymmetrically from the edges inward driven by entropy not inflation This paradigm offers gravitational and thermodynamic coherence while avoiding the speculative mechanisms of multiple theories wormholes and exotic inflation fields It interprets the cosmological red shift cold spots in the cosmic microwave background and the early appearance o f super massive black holes not as anomalies but as expected consequences of a collapsing background structure
Is the Atomic Clock Accelerating in Satellite Orbit?
In the main article of 2021 we showed that there is no any relativistic time acceleration in GPS satellite orbit and the frequency of signals increases due to the acceleration of photons in the Earth s gravitational field This article shows that the so-called relativistic correction does not work in principle even if we imagine that the frequency of atomic clocks increases in orbit as relativists claim